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目的了解武汉市矽肺病患者的生存质量现况及其影响因素。方法以武汉市职业病防治院确诊的矽肺病患者为研究对象,采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表中文版(WHOQOL-BREF)评价其生存质量。同时,通过随机抽样的方法抽取武汉市汽轮发动机厂100名健康工人作为参照组,并且以全国一般水平作为更普通的参照。通过拟合多元线性回归模型来分析各因素与量表4个领域得分的关系。结果调查中矽肺病患者43例,健康工人100例,各人群生存质量得分及其影响因素有所不同。健康工人生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个领域的得分(x珋±s)依次为(13.68±1.54)、(13.14±2.02)、(14.35±2.43)和(10.85±2.17)分,均高于矽肺病患者;生理、心理和环境领域得分均低于全国一般水平,社会关系领域则高于全国一般水平。矽肺病患者生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个领域的得分(x珋±s)依次为(9.8l±2.25)、(10.40±3.27)、(12.34±2.24)和(8.80±2.45)分,均低于全国一般水平,并且均低于健康工人。矽肺病患者生存质量影响因素包括性别、年龄、个人收入、工龄、既往病史、家庭摩擦对生活的影响程度、食欲情况。结论相对于全国一般水平来说,矽肺病患者和健康工人的生存质量较差,影响矽肺病患者生存质量的因素是多方面的,疾病是其中一个重要的因素。
Objective To understand the status quo of living quality and its influencing factors in patients with silicosis in Wuhan. Methods The silicosis patients diagnosed by Wuhan Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital were selected as the research objects. The WHOQOL-BREF was used to evaluate the quality of life. At the same time, 100 health workers from Wuhan Steam Turbine Engine Factory were taken as reference group by random sampling method, and the general national level was taken as a more general reference. By fitting multivariate linear regression model to analyze the relationship between the various factors and the score of 4 fields. Results In the survey, there were 43 cases of silicosis and 100 cases of healthy workers. The quality of life scores and the influential factors were different in all groups. The score of x 珋 ± s in physical, psychological, social and environmental health workers was (13.68 ± 1.54), (13.14 ± 2.02), (14.35 ± 2.43) and (10.85 ± 2.17) respectively in the order of In the patients with silicosis, the scores in the fields of physiology, psychology and environment were lower than the national average level and that in the social relations field was higher than the national average level. The scores of x 珋 ± s in the four fields of physical, psychological, social relations and environment of patients with silicosis were (9.81 ± 2.25), (10.40 ± 3.27), (12.34 ± 2.24) and (8.80 ± 2.45) respectively, Lower than the national average and lower than healthy workers. Factors affecting the quality of life of patients with silicosis include gender, age, personal income, length of service, past medical history, family life impact, appetite. Conclusion Compared with the general national level, the quality of life of patients with silicosis and healthy workers is poor. The factors that affect the quality of life of patients with silicosis are many and the disease is one of the most important factors.