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内容提要中国和中东的传统文化中都含有重文化而轻种族的民族平等思想,在历史上都形成了不同形式的民族或文化共同体,以及民族自治制度,双方在民族国家建构方面也有着类似的紧迫性和挑战性。但是,当代中国和中东在少数民族立法、民族制度,以及少数民族社会发展等民族政策上有着很大的差异,从而造成了双方在民族问题上的不同特点。当代中东民族问题的解决离不开中东国家对传统伊斯兰文化中民族思想的继承,以及在此基础上的制度创新,更离不开少数民族的社会发展和中东国家的合作与对话。
Abstract Both traditional culture of China and the Middle East contain the idea of national culture of heavy culture and light race. Different forms of national or cultural community and system of national autonomy have been formed in history. Both countries also have similar national constitutional construction Urgency and challenge. However, there are great differences between contemporary China and the Middle East in ethnic policies such as ethnic minorities’ legislation, the ethnic system, and the social development of ethnic minorities. As a result, they have different characteristics on ethnic issues. The solution to the ethnic issue in the Middle East can not be separated from the succession of the Middle Eastern countries to the national ideology in the traditional Islamic culture and institutional innovation based on this. It is even more inseparable from the social development of ethnic minorities and the cooperation and dialogue among the Middle East countries.