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【目的】探讨生态环境对籼粳稻杂交后代穗部性状的影响及其与亚种特性的关系。【方法】以辽宁育成的两个典型的籼粳交重组自交系F6群体(RIL1:中优早8号/丰锦、RIL2:七山占/秋光)为试材,分别在四川和辽宁同年种植,研究穗部性状和亚种特性变化规律及其相互关系。【结果】穗部形态、解剖性状与亚种特性都发生了极显著的变化。从辽宁到四川,穗颈粗和穗颈大维管束数极显著减少,第二节间小维管束数和大维管束比极显著增加,结实率特别是二次枝梗结实率极显著下降,程氏指数更加偏粳。穗颈大维管束数、大小维管束比、大维管束比、结实率和千粒重在亚种类型间差异显著。穗颈节间维管束数目与穗“库”结构性状呈极显著正相关,与籽粒充实特性相关不显著;相反,亚种特性与穗“库”结构性状相关不显著,而与籽粒充实特性呈极显著的正相关。【结论】生态环境对籼粳交后代的穗部性状有极显著的影响。依穗颈粗去选择维管束性状是一条切实可行的途径。穗颈大维管束数、籽粒充实特性、程氏指数三者之间互相制约,北方的育种者要在实践中统筹兼顾。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ecological environment on the panicle traits of cross between indica and japonica hybrids and their relationship with the traits of subspecies. 【Method】 Two typical indica-japonica crosses inbred lines F6 (bred by RIL1: Zhongyouzao 8 / Fengjin, RIL2: Qishanzhan / Qiu-Guang) were used as materials in Liaoning and Liaoning provinces, respectively. Planting, studying the variation of panicle trait and subspecies characteristics and their relationship. 【Result】 The results showed that the morphological, anatomical and subspecific characteristics of panicles changed significantly. From Liaoning to Sichuan, the number of tuberous tuberous and spike neck significantly decreased, the number of small vascular bundles and the ratio of large vascular bundles increased significantly in the second internode. The seed setting rate, especially the secondary branch stalk, decreased significantly, Cheng’s index is more partial japonica. The number of large vascular bundles, large vascular bundles, large vascular bundles, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight were significantly different among the subspecies. The number of vascular bundles between panicles and panicles was significantly and positively correlated with the traits of panicle and had no significant correlation with the grain filling characteristics. On the contrary, the subspecies characteristics were not significantly correlated with the panicle traits, Grain filling characteristics were significantly and positively correlated. 【Conclusion】 The ecological environment has a very significant effect on the panicle traits of offspring of indica and japonica hybrids. It is a feasible way to choose the vascular bundle trait according to the thick neck. The number of big vascular bundles in panicles, grain enrichment characteristics, and Cheng’s index are restricted by each other, and the breeders in the north should make overall plans in practice.