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针对贵阳市城市化引起的城市防洪严峻的问题,基于1980~2015年贵阳市水文站的观测资料、南明河水系分布图和贵阳市溶洞、暗河实测资料,利用调洪演算法定量计算了贵阳市城市化前后的年最大流量与汇流历时,研究了城市化对南明河水系的洪水影响。结果表明,经城市化后汇流历时缩减10.07%~23.31%,相应的年最大流量增加15.86%~24.67%,典型洪水年年最大流量增幅与历时减幅明显高于非洪水年,暗河与溶洞在贵阳市城市化的进程中对南明河水系的洪水起到了削峰滞洪的作用,所以合理利用暗河与溶洞,削弱城市化对南明河水系的洪水影响迫在眉睫。
Aiming at the severe urban flood control problems caused by the urbanization in Guiyang City, based on the observation data of the hydrological station in Guiyang from 1980 to 2015, the distribution of the Nanming River water system and the measured data of the cave and underground river in Guiyang, The annual maximum flow before and after urbanization and the confluence lasted, the impact of urbanization on the flood of Nanming River system was studied. The results show that after the urbanization, the confluence lasted 10.07% ~ 23.31%, corresponding to the annual maximum flow increased by 15.86% ~ 24.67%. The annual maximum flow increase and duration decrease of the typical flood was obviously higher than that of the non-flood year. In the process of urbanization in Guiyang City, the flood of Nanming River system played a role of cutting peak and detention. Therefore, it is urgent to make reasonable use of underground river and cave to reduce the impact of urbanization on the flood of Nanming River system.