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目的分析云南省富民县居民吸烟和被动吸烟的社会经济影响因素。方法采用按比例概率抽样方法 (PPS)从富民县7个乡镇中随机抽取4 275名≥18岁常住居民进行面访问卷调查。并应用多水平Logistic模型分析影响吸烟和被动吸烟的个体和乡级因素。结果富民县农村居民的吸烟率和被动吸烟率分别为32.5%和40.7%;男性的吸烟率明显高于女性(66.3%和0.9%,P<0.01),而女性的被动吸烟率高于男性(42.9%和33.7%,P<0.05)。随着年龄的增长吸烟和暴露于被动吸烟的可能性变小(P<0.01);个体文化程度越高者(OR=0.629,95%CI:0.483~0.819)和居住在乡镇整体教育水平越高的村民(OR=0.894,95%CI:0.852~0.938)其吸烟的可能性越小;居住在乡镇整体受教育水平(OR=0.862,95%CI:0.824~0.903)和收入水平(OR=0.866,95%CI:0.822~0.912)越高的村民暴露于被动吸烟的可能性越小。结论富民县降低烟草暴露的干预工作应重点放在居住在乡镇整体受教育水平和收入水平较低的村民。
Objective To analyze the social and economic factors of smoking and passive smoking in Fumin County, Yunnan Province. Methods A random sample of 4,275 permanent residents ≥18 years of age was selected from 7 towns and villages in Fumin County by means of proportional sampling method (PPS) to conduct a questionnaire survey. And apply the multi-level Logistic model to analyze the individual and township factors that affect smoking and passive smoking. Results The smoking rate and passive smoking rate of rural residents in Fumin County were 32.5% and 40.7% respectively. The smoking rate of men was significantly higher than that of women (66.3% and 0.9%, P <0.01), while the passive smoking rate of women was higher than that of men 42.9% and 33.7%, P <0.05). With age, smoking and exposure to passive smoking were less likely (P <0.01). The higher the education level (OR = 0.629, 95% CI: 0.483-0.819), the higher the education level (OR = 0.894, 95% CI: 0.852-0.938) were less likely to smoke; the overall level of education (OR = 0.862,95% CI: 0.824-0.903) and income level , 95% CI: 0.822 ~ 0.912) The higher the villagers exposure to passive smoking the less likely. Conclusion Fumin County’s efforts to reduce tobacco exposure should focus on those villagers living in villages and towns with low level of education and education as a whole.