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黄淮海地区是中国粮食主产区和农业发展的核心区。自1998年以来,农业用水整体呈下降趋势,但农业用水比例仍在70%以上,总量维持在1000亿m3左右。黄淮海地区农业面临着较为严重的用水危机,其农业水资源可持续性利用的障碍性因素主要有水资源总量相对匮乏、水质恶化、农业用水被挤占、农业用水效率低以及极端水文事件及全球气候变化等。黄淮海地区用水安全的保障性对策主要是:实施南水北调工程和非常规水资源利用,提高农业供水量;加强农业面源污染等水污染治理,改善水质;加强节水型农业建设,合理配置农业水资源,提高用水效率/效益;建设土壤墒情监测和灌溉预报系统,提高农业用水应急处理能力;改革农业水资源管理体制等。
Huang-Huai-Hai region is China’s main grain-producing areas and agricultural development of the core area. Since 1998, the overall agricultural water consumption has been on a downward trend, but the proportion of agricultural water is still above 70%, with the total remaining at around 100 billion m3. The agriculture in Huang-Huai-Hai region is facing a serious water crisis. The obstacles to the sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources include the relative shortage of water resources, deteriorating water quality, diversion of agricultural water, inefficient use of agricultural water and extreme hydrological events. Global climate change. In the Huanghuaihai area, the safeguarded countermeasures for water use safety mainly include: implementing the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and the utilization of unconventional water resources to increase the water supply for agriculture; strengthening water pollution control of agricultural non-point source pollution and improving water quality; strengthening the construction of water-saving agriculture and rational allocation of agriculture Water resources, improve water efficiency / efficiency; build soil moisture monitoring and irrigation forecasting system, improve the emergency treatment capacity of agricultural water; reform of agricultural water resources management system.