目的:探讨乳腺叶状肿瘤术后局部复发的预后因素。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2019年12月于北京大学人民医院乳腺中心接受手术切除并经术后病理学检查证实的276例乳腺叶状肿瘤患者的临床资料，记录临床病理学资料。入组患者均为女性，年龄（41.5±11.3）岁（范围：11~76岁），肿瘤最大径为35（28）mm［n M（n Qn R）］。276例患者均接受开放手术，包括乳房全切除术17例，肿物切除术259例。随访截至2020年9月30日。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算各类叶状肿瘤的累积无局部复发生存率，采用Log-rank检验进行组间比较，采用Cox比例风险模型分析局部复发的预后因素。n 结果:术后病理学检查证实良性叶状肿瘤191例，交界性67例，恶性18例。249例患者获得>6个月的随访，局部复发率为14.1%（35/249），复发间期为（28.6±22.2）个月（范围：2~96个月），良性、交界性、恶性叶状肿瘤分别为（29.1±18.1）个月（范围：2~80个月）、（32.1±30.1）个月（范围：5~96个月）、（12.0±6.9）个月（范围：8~20个月）。肿瘤最大径（≥100 mm比<50 mm，n HR=3.968，95%n CI：1.550~10.158，n P=0.004）、肉瘤类异质性分化（有比无，n HR=26.933，95%CI：3.105~233.600，n P=0.003）是局部复发的独立预后因素。恶性叶状肿瘤远处转移导致死亡1例，良性、交界性、恶性叶状肿瘤的3年无局部复发生存率分别为88.2%、81.7%、81.4%（n P=0.300）。n 结论:叶状肿瘤有一定的局部复发率，肿瘤最大径、肉瘤类异质性分化可能与叶状肿瘤的局部复发相关。“,”Objective:To examine treatment outcomes of breast phyllodes tumors and the prognosis factors of local recurrence.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included 276 patients who underwent surgical resection at Breast Center, Peking University People′s Hospital from January 2011 to December 2019. Tumor subtype and histopathological features were determined from pathology reports, and the deadline of follow-up was September 30n th, 2020. All 276 patients underwent open surgery, including 17 patients of mastectomy, and 259 patients of lumpectomy. The enrolled patients were all female, with age of (41.5±11.3) years (rang: 11 to 76 years), and tumor diameter of 35(28) mm (n M(n Qn R)). The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis. The multivariate analysis was implemented using the Cox proportional hazard model.n Results:According the pathologic test, there were 191 patients of benign phyllodes tumor, 67 patients of borderline tumor and 18 patients of malignant tumor. There were 249 patients with a follow-up of more than 6 months, and 14.1% (35/249) had local recurrence. The time-to-recurrence was (28.6±22.2) months (range: 2 to 96 months), (29.1±18.1) months (range: 2 to 80 months), (32.1±30.1) months (range: 5 to 96 months) and (12.0±6.9) months (range: 8 to 20 months) for benign, borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors. Tumor diameter (≥100 mm n vs.<50 mm,n HR=3.968, 95%CI: 1.550 to 10.158, n P=0.004) and malignant heterologous element (yes n vs. no, n HR=26.933, 95%CI: 3.105 to 233.600, n P=0.003) were prognosis factors of local recurrence. One death from malignant phyllodes occurred after distant metastasis. The 3-year disease-free survival rates of benign, borderline and malignant phyllodes tumor were 88.2%, 81.7% and 81.4% (n P=0.300).n Conclusions:Phyllodes tumors have a considerable local recurrence rate, and may be associated with tumor diameter and malignant heterologous element.