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建立了使用弹性弯曲模下的SUS304不锈钢管绕弯成形有限元模型并进行了试验验证。通过改变模具材料参数减小了SUS304不锈钢管弯曲回弹,通过单因素优化试验和正交试验筛选出较优的模具材料参数为:杨氏模量1.24 GPa,泊松比0.37,屈服强度104 MPa。该条件下当管材弯曲角度为180°时,弯曲回弹角为3.31°,比原来的弯曲回弹角5.56°减小了40%。使用弹性模变形的管材切向应力的值小于使用刚性弯曲模成形后的值。
A bending finite element model of SUS304 stainless steel tube under elastic bending mode was established and tested. The bending rebound of SUS304 stainless steel tube was reduced by changing the material parameters of the mold. The optimal material parameters of the mold were selected by single factor optimization and orthogonal test. Young’s modulus 1.24 GPa, Poisson’s ratio 0.37, yield strength 104 MPa . Under this condition, when the pipe bending angle is 180 °, the bending rebound angle is 3.31 °, which is 40% less than the original bending rebound angle of 5.56 °. The value of the tangential stress of the pipe deformed by the elastic modulus is smaller than that after the rigid bending die is used.