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在实验室条件下用各种成分的灰铸铁进行液压试验,结果是厚3—5mm的薄片,虽具有过共晶粗大的石墨组织,也能承受高达400kg/cm~2压力而不渗漏,但一经脱石墨处理,在很低压力下就大量渗漏。通过试验对“石墨渗漏”的传统观点提出了不同的看法:铸铁中石墨本身及石墨与基体界面上是不渗漏的。只有当铸件存在缺陷,并在压力下产生局部破裂时,石墨才通过对强度的削弱而影响渗漏。本文讨论了有关液压件材质的一些问题,并提出适当增加亚共晶铸铁的碳当量以减少缺陷和简化工艺。
Hydraulically tested with gray cast iron of various compositions under laboratory conditions, the result was a sheet of 3-5 mm in thickness that, despite having a hyper-eutectic coarse graphite structure, was able to withstand pressures as high as 400 kg / cm2 without leakage, However, once the graphite treatment, in a very low pressure on a large number of leakage. Different opinions have been put forward on the traditional view of “graphite leaking” through experiments: the graphite in cast iron itself and the interface between graphite and matrix are not leaky. Only when the casting defects, and the partial rupture under pressure, graphite through the weakening of the impact of leakage. This article discusses some of the problems with the material of hydraulic components and proposes to appropriately increase the carbon equivalent of the sub-eutectic iron to reduce defects and simplify the process.