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目的了解妊娠期妇女睡眠质量状况的影响因素,为做好孕期保健提供依据。方法采用自制的一般资料问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对2014年10月-2016年1月在宁夏医科大学总医院、银川市妇幼保健院、银川市第一人民医院、中卫市人民医院、固原市人民医院、石嘴山市人民医院的产前门诊中选择符合调查要求的妊娠期妇女进行一对一的问卷调查。采用二分类Logistic回归分析方法分析睡眠质量的影响因素。结果本次调查的1 004名妊娠期妇女中,睡眠质量的平均得分为(6.15±2.27)分,有睡眠障碍的为333名,睡眠障碍发生率33.2%。多因素分析结果显示,孕晚期(OR=2.759,95%CI=1.905~3.996)、有流产史(OR=1.779,95%CI=1.269~2.494)、焦虑(OR=1.405,95%CI=1.012~1.952)、抑郁(OR=2.951,95%CI=2.166~4.022)是妊娠期妇女睡眠质量的危险因素(P<0.05),而有职业(工人或农民)(OR=0.448,95%CI=0.266~0.754)、居住地在城镇(OR=0.333,95%CI=0.231~0.479)是妊娠期妇女睡眠质量的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期妇女睡眠质量不良问题较为常见。应该重点关注孕晚期、有流产史、有焦虑、抑郁心理等高危人群,及时采取措施减少不良因素的影响,改善其睡眠质量,促进胎儿发育,提高孕期保健水平。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of the quality of sleep during pregnancy in women and provide the basis for the health care during pregnancy. Methods The self-made general information questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) One-on-one questionnaires were selected among prenatal clinics in hospitals, Yinchuan MCH, Yinchuan First People’s Hospital, Zhongwei People’s Hospital, Guyuan People’s Hospital and Shizuishan People’s Hospital. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality. Results The average score of sleep quality was (6.15 ± 2.27) points in 1 004 pregnant women surveyed in this survey. There were 333 sleep disorders and 33.2% of sleep disorders. Multivariate analysis showed that there were miscarriage history (OR = 1.779, 95% CI = 1.269-2.494), anxiety (OR = 1.405, 95% CI = 1.012 ~ 1.952), depression (OR = 2.951, 95% CI = 2.166-4.0222) was a risk factor for sleep quality in pregnant women (P <0.05), while occupational workers and peasants (OR = 0.448, 95% CI = 0.266 ~ 0.754). The place of residence in urban areas (OR = 0.333, 95% CI = 0.231 ~ 0.479) was the protective factor of sleep quality in pregnant women (P <0.05). Conclusion Poor quality of sleep in pregnant women is more common. Should focus on late pregnancy, abortion history, anxiety, depression and other high-risk groups, timely measures to reduce the impact of adverse factors, improve their sleep quality, promote fetal development, improve the level of health care during pregnancy.