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TVA是美国一个巨大的水利工程。中国40年代议论开发长江水利资源时,就有人比之为中国的TVA(TENNESSEE-VALLEYAUTHORITY)即“田纳西流城管理局”的简称。美国管理界认为,它是资本主义国家的国营企业中经营管理最有成效的两家企业之一(另一家是英国广播公司,即BBC)。从30年代到70年代中期,TVA的经营管理虽历经困难,总的情况还比较顺利。到70年代后期,却面临严重的挑战,发展到濒临破产的地步。本文就80年代后期TVA采取的若干果断措施,终于把企业救活的情况作一评述,希望对中国目前管理界讨论如何搞活国有企业。有一些可资借鉴之处。
TVA is a huge water conservancy project in the United States. When China talked about developing the water resources of the Yangtze River in the 1940s, it was compared to China’s TVA (TENNESSEE-VALLEY AUTHORITY), which is the abbreviation of the Tennessee Run City Administration. The U.S. management community believes that it is one of the two most effective companies in the state-owned enterprises of capitalist countries (the other is the BBC). From the 1930s to the mid-1970s, although TVA had experienced difficulties in its operation and management, the overall situation was relatively smooth. By the late 1970s, it was facing serious challenges and it was on the verge of bankruptcy. In this article, some decisive measures taken by TVA in the late 1980s have finally made a comment on the situation of corporate survival. We hope to discuss how China’s current management community can invigorate state-owned enterprises. There are some lessons to be learned.