史家治史,总是在历史与现实这两极之间漫步往返而不可能只偏于一隅。面对历史,史家一方面要对人类的全部过去以审视撰述,另一方面也要对以往的史实以辨识思考。因而,在此意义上,史家治史的活动,正是由历史的撰述与思考这两方面构成。这其中无不参预了现实的人的认识活动,而真实的历史本体作为消逝了的过去,除非时光倒流,是不可能再次复现的。这些决定了史家的治史态度,必然是考往古之史迹,发今人之议论;这些也决定了史家治学不能泥古不 History of the historian, always in the history and reality between the two poles and can not walk only in the corner. In the face of history, historians, on the one hand, must review and comprehend all the past of mankind, and on the other hand, they must also make ideological considerations on past historical facts. Therefore, in this sense, the activities of the historians in their history are precisely made up of the elaboration and reflection of history. All of these invariably participate in the cognitive activities of the real people. As a lost past, the real historical entity can not be reappeared unless the time goes by. These determine the historian’s attitude towards the administration of the state, which is bound to go to the ancient historical sites and send people’s arguments; these also determine the history of the school can not be muddy