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本文报告了西安市9个幼儿园甲、乙型肝炎血清学与流行病学调查结果。观察期间甲肝的罹患率为2.7～23.5％,影响甲肝流行的因素主要有生活卫生状况,托幼机构类型与传播方式。甲肝显性病例与不显性感染之比为1∶1.0～2.0,流行初期显性比例较高。而乙肝的感染主要是亚临床类型。乙肝的感染率一般在15.0～21.5％,其与生活卫生状况可能关系不大。结果提示影响乙肝流行的因素与甲肝不同。在我国的幼儿园仍有可能大批儿童在短时间内受到乙肝感染。
This article reports the results of serological and epidemiological investigation of hepatitis A and B in 9 kindergartens in Xi’an. During the observation of hepatitis A attack rate of 2.7 to 23.5%, the main factors affecting the prevalence of hepatitis A living conditions, nurseries institutions and modes of transmission. Hepatitis A dominant case and non-dominant infection ratio of 1: 1.0 ~ 2.0, the prevalence of the early dominant ratio higher. Hepatitis B infection is mainly subclinical. The infection rate of hepatitis B is generally 15.0 ~ 21.5%, which may have little to do with the health status of the people. The results suggest that the factors that affect the epidemic of hepatitis B are different from those of hepatitis A. In our kindergarten, it is still possible that a large number of children will be infected with hepatitis B in a short period of time.