过去一直认为 ER只是一种配体依赖性转录激活因子。近年来许多实验证明 ,在无配体的情况下 ,ER也可与其他细胞信号传导通路发生作用 ,有学者建议称 ER的这种激活为 ER的配体非依赖性激活 ,包括 ER的磷酸化、ER与生长因子、与共调节因子、与孕激素受体以及癌基因 /抑癌基因蛋白等通路的相互作用。这些作用不仅参与调节靶细胞的增生、分化和维持正常生理功能 ,而且与人类雌激素相关肿瘤的发病以及该类肿瘤对雌激素拮抗剂等药物的耐药有关 In the past, ER was thought to be only a ligand-dependent transcriptional activator. In recent years, many experiments have shown that in the absence of ligand, ER can also play a role in other cell signaling pathways, some scholars suggest that this activation of ER ER ligand-independent activation, including the phosphorylation of ER , The interaction of ER with growth factors, co-regulatory factors, progesterone receptors, and oncogene / tumor suppressor proteins. These effects are not only involved in the regulation of target cell proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of normal physiological functions, but also with the development of human estrogen-related tumors and the resistance of such tumors to estrogen antagonists and other drugs