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现代流行病学是涉及到临床医学、实验医学、生物学和生物统计等的一门综合学科。作为一门学科,它主要研究人群罹患疾病的危险性,这是和临床医学着眼于个体患者完全不同。作为一门方法学,它主要研究如何从原始资料进行归纳、分析、推理和验证等基本问题。 随医学科学的发展,劳动卫生和职业病的研究任务也从疾病(职业病)引伸到异常生理状态,这就指出劳动卫生和职业病学的主要任务,是研究接触者而不是病者。工人每天可能接触职业性危险——化学物质、尘埃、噪音、高温、辐射、外伤。持续接触至疾病表现之间
Modern epidemiology is a comprehensive discipline involving clinical medicine, experimental medicine, biology and biostatistics. As a discipline, it focuses on the risk of people suffering from the disease, which is completely different from clinical medicine and individual patients. As a methodology, it mainly studies how to summarize, analyze, reason and verify basic data from the original data. With the development of medical science, the research task of labor hygiene and occupational diseases also extends from diseases (occupational diseases) to abnormal physiological states, which points out that the main task of labor hygiene and occupational medicine is to study contacts rather than patients. Workers may be exposed to occupational hazards daily - chemicals, dust, noise, heat, radiation and trauma. Continuous exposure to disease performance