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目的了解辖区手足口病的流行特征,从而为手足口病的防控提供科学依据。方法回顾性收集2012-2013年龙岗区手足口病监测数据进行描述性分析和多元回归分析。结果 2012-2013年,辖区共报告手足口病病例30 160例,年均发病率为385.70/10万;散居儿童特别是1~岁龄婴幼儿高发;男性发病多于女性,男女性别比为1.59:1;与往年相比,2012-2013年流行曲线有明显改变;2013年重症发病率显著低于2012年(χ2=9.221,P=0.002)。实验室监测结果显示,辖区手足口病病例主要以除外EV71和CA16的其他肠道病毒感染为主(68.33%,233/341),CA6多见(56.22%,131/233);绝大部份重症和死亡病例因EV71感染所致。18起暴发疫情均发生在托幼机构,暴发疫情持续时间受疫情处置及时性(X2)、发病总人数(X3)及暴露人数(X4)的影响(Y=0.586+0.478X2+0.630X3-0.013X4(R2=0.503,F=10.113,P=0.000))。结论辖区2012-2013年手足口病流行曲线的改变与病原谱的变化有关,手足口病聚集性疫情特别是托幼机构聚集性疫情的及时报告与处置是当前手足口病防控工作的重中之重。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hand, foot and mouth disease in the area and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Retrospectively collect the monitoring data of HFMD in Longgang District from 2012 to 2013 for descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results A total of 30 160 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in the area between 2012 and 2013, with an average annual incidence of 385.70 / 100 000. Diarrhea children were especially infants and young children aged from 1 to 4 years old. The incidence of male and female was higher than that of women, with a sex ratio of 1.59 : 1; Compared with previous years, the epidemiological curve of 2012-2013 changed significantly; the incidence of severe diseases in 2013 was significantly lower than that of 2012 (χ2 = 9.221, P = 0.002). The results of laboratory tests showed that cases of HFMD were mainly dominated by EV71 and CA16 other enterovirus infections (68.33%, 233/341) and CA6 (56.22%, 131/233) Severe and fatal cases due to EV71 infection. Eighteen outbreaks occurred in nurseries, and the duration of the outbreak was affected by the timeliness (X2), the total number of X3 and the number of X4 exposure (Y = 0.586 + 0.478X2 + 0.630X3-0.013 X4 (R2 = 0.503, F = 10.113, P = 0.000)). Conclusion The change of the epidemic curve of hand, foot and mouth disease in the area between 2012 and 2013 is related to the changes of the pathogen spectrum. The timely reporting and disposal of aggregated epidemic situation of hand foot and mouth disease, especially kindergarten institutions, are the most important prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease The weight.