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反义核酸药物是能与特定mRNA序列互补的不同长度的短小DNA片段,能够通过与靶mRNA形成杂交双链而干扰基因表达。反义核酸药物的合成、纯化是新药临床前评价的基础。本文就国内外反义核酸药物合成中常用的载体、硫代试剂、脱保护试剂的发展,纯化常用的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、薄层色谱、高效膜吸附色谱、寡核苷酸纯化柱芯和高效液相色谱等方法进行了综述,对其各自的特点、应用前景及优缺点等进行了介绍。
Antisense nucleic acid drugs are short DNA fragments of different lengths that are complementary to a specific mRNA sequence and can interfere with gene expression by forming hybrid duplexes with the target mRNA. Antisense nucleic acid synthesis, purification of new drugs is the basis of pre-clinical evaluation. In this paper, domestic and international antisense nucleic acid drug synthesis commonly used in the carrier, thio reagent, deprotection reagent development, purification commonly used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography, high performance membrane adsorption chromatography, And high performance liquid chromatography methods were reviewed, their respective characteristics, application prospects and advantages and disadvantages were introduced.