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砷及砷化合物是一种环境毒物,同时也是已确认的人类致癌物。环境砷污染可导致慢性砷中毒乃至癌症的发生,其所造成的公众危害已成为全球严重的公共卫生问题,目前全球受慢性砷中毒威胁的人口已近5000万。孟加拉国、印度、中国、墨西哥、智利等国是慢性砷中毒较为严重的国家。慢性砷中毒对人体的危害极为严重,不但可以导致皮肤的损伤,还可导致肺癌、肝癌、膀胱癌等内脏癌的高发。由于未能在动物身上复制出致癌模型,砷的中毒机制至今尚不明了。谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(glutathione_S_transferases,GST)是机体内主要的Ⅱ相代谢酶,在毒物、致突变物、致癌物及其他外源化合物的代谢中起重要作用,具有解毒和清除体内自由基双重功能。目前研究发现,GST参与了砷的代谢和砷诱导的氧化应激反应,与砷中毒的关系密切,现就二者之间关系的研究进展作一简要综述。
Arsenic and arsenic compounds are environmental toxicants and are also confirmed human carcinogens. Environmental arsenic pollution can lead to chronic arsenic poisoning and even cancer. The public harm caused by it has become a serious public health problem worldwide. At present, there are nearly 50 million people in the world who are threatened by chronic arsenic poisoning. Bangladesh, India, China, Mexico, Chile and other countries are more serious chronic arsenic poisoning countries. Chronic arsenic poisoning on the human body is extremely serious, not only can cause skin damage, but also lead to lung cancer, liver cancer, bladder cancer and other visceral cancer. As a result of the inability to replicate the oncogenic model in animals, the arsenic poisoning mechanism is still unknown. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is the major phase II metabolic enzyme in the body and plays an important role in the metabolism of toxins, mutagens, carcinogens and other exogenous compounds. It has the functions of detoxification and elimination of free radicals Dual function. The current study found that GST is involved in arsenic metabolism and arsenic-induced oxidative stress response, and arsenic poisoning is closely related to the research progress of the relationship between them is briefly reviewed.