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收入差距是影响宏观指标的一个重要因素,但其影响机制及计量分析方法有待进一步深化拓展。通过构建一个包含基尼系数的宏观总量函数,严格论证了收入差距影响宏观指标的理论机制。基于宏观总量函数,推导出收入差距的宏观总量损失公式和收入差距变化对宏观总量指标变化影响的差分公式。利用1996~2010年中国的宏观数据计算表明:收入差距导致居民总消费平均损失率为2.68%,导致国民福利平均损失率为8.66%,收入差距扩大对居民消费率下降的贡献率为3.18%,对劳动收入份额下降的贡献率为14.98%,对国民福利增长的贡献率为-8.08%。
Income disparity is an important factor affecting macroeconomic indicators, but its impact mechanism and econometric methods need to be further deepened. By constructing a macro-aggregate function containing the Gini coefficient, the theoretical mechanism of the macro-indicators that the income gap affects is strictly demonstrated. Based on the macro-aggregate function, the difference formula of macro-total loss of income gap and the influence of the change of income gap on the change of macro-aggregate index are deduced. Using the macroeconomic data from 1996 to 2010, China’s macroeconomic data show that the average income loss of residents is 2.68%, resulting in an average national welfare loss of 8.66%. The contribution of the widening income gap to household consumption declines is 3.18% The contribution rate to the declining share of labor income was 14.98%, and the contribution to national welfare growth was -8.08%.