The study on the deformation distribution and crack propagation of concrete under axial compression was conducted by the digital image correlation (DIC) method.
With the shield tunnel going deeper and deeper,the circumferential axial force becomes the goving factor rather than the bending moment.The hand hole acts as a
To enhance the durability of a reinforced concrete structure,engineered cementitious composite (ECC),which exhibits high tensile ductility and good crack contro