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目的分析吉安市2011～2013年流感流行特征及流感病毒毒株型别,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统,收集2011～2013年吉安市流感样病例资料进行统计分析。采集流感样病例咽拭子标本用聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测流感病毒核酸,并鉴定型别。结果 2011～2013年吉安市流感样病例主要集中在25～60岁的中青年,其次为5～15岁的少年;发病高峰在9、11、1、2月。2011～2013年共检测流感样病例标本1715例,阳性标本340例,阳性率19.8%。2011年1月～2011年3月流感以新甲H1N 1与B型并存,2012年年初以B型为主,5～7月转为季H3为主,2013年年底以季H3为主,并伴随有B型。结论吉安市流感发病高危人群是中青年,且具有一定的季节性,以冬春季节发病较多。流感病毒存在新甲H1N1、季H3和B型交替感染的现象,应加强监测和采取各项针对性的预防措施,有效控制流感的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza and the type of influenza virus strains in 2011 ~ 2013 in Ji’an, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods Through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System, the data of influenza-like cases from 2011 to 2013 in Ji’an City were collected for statistical analysis. Samples of influenza-like swabs were collected for detection of influenza virus nucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and identification of the type. Results From 2011 to 2013, the flu-like cases in Ji’an City mainly concentrated in middle-aged and young people aged 25-60 years, followed by juveniles aged 5-15 years. The peak incidence was in September, September, January and February. A total of 1715 influenza-like cases were detected in 2011-2013, 340 were positive, the positive rate was 19.8%. From January 2011 to March 2011, influenza coexisted with influenza A (H1N1) and type B (H1N1) and type B (H1N1) in early 2012. Type B was predominant in early 2012, changed to seasonal H3 in May-July, and season H3 was the end of 2013 With B type. Conclusion The high risk population of flu in Ji’an City is middle-aged and young, and has a certain seasonality, with more incidence in winter and spring. Influenza virus exists in the new H1N1, season H3 and B-type alternating infection phenomenon should be strengthened to monitor and take all targeted preventive measures to effectively control the occurrence of influenza.