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刀具损坏的监测是实现机械加工自动化的必要措施。它早已引起国际机械加工学术界的重视,並已取得一定的进展。但迄今为止,对于在线的旋转刀具,由于切削信息收集和传感器设计存在较大困难,因而对铣削过程中铣刀损坏的监测技术仍进展不快。刀具损坏包括刀具破损和刀具磨耗。前者引起刀头和工件不相触,后者带来铣削扭矩增加。因此,切削信息采集已经做到,信息传输和处理也变成可能。本文系作者在美国威斯康辛大学期间,就参与承接美国通用汽车公司委托的科研任务而做的实验工作加以阐述,並对今后设想提出建议。
Tool damage monitoring is the necessary measure to automate the machining process. It has already attracted the attention of the international mechanical processing academia and has made some progress. So far, however, the monitoring of milling cutter damage during milling has not progressed well with online rotary tools, due to the large difficulties in collecting information and designing the sensors. Tool damage includes tool breakage and tool wear. The former causes the tip and the workpiece do not touch, which brings the increase of milling torque. Therefore, cutting information collection has been done, information transmission and processing has become possible. The author of this article, while attending the University of Wisconsin in the United States, elaborates on the experimental work involved in undertaking the scientific research tasks entrusted by General Motors Corporation of the United States and makes suggestions for the future design.