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通过2年田间定位试验,研究了冀东地区玉米秸秆连续直接还田对土壤氮素养分时空动态变化和作物产量的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆直接还田可明显提高土壤氮素供应水平,增产作用显著。在秸秆C/N15∶1～35∶1范围内,调节秸秆不同C/N未改变秸秆还田后的转化进程,其转化对土壤氮素时空动态变化的影响亦无明显差异,增产幅度大致相当。在调节秸杆C/N的前提下配施促腐剂,使秸秆还田后的转化进程明显加快,与秸秆直接还田未配施促腐剂处理比较,可有效提高土壤供氮能力,显著增加作物产量。调节玉米秸秆C/N为35∶1并配施促腐剂是冀东地区小麦—玉米一年两熟种植制度下,玉米秸秆直接还田较好的施肥方式。
Through two-year field experiment, the effects of continuous corn stalks return to soil on temporal and spatial dynamics of crop nitrogen and crop yield were studied. The results showed that the direct return of corn stalks can significantly improve the soil nitrogen supply level, a significant increase in yield. In the range of C / N15: 1 ~ 35: 1, the transformation process of straw with different C / N after straw returning was not changed, and the effect of transformation on the spatio-temporal dynamics of soil nitrogen also showed no significant difference, . Under the premise of adjusting the C / N ratio of straw, the conversion rate of straw to soil was obviously increased with the addition of the preservative, which was significantly higher than that of straw returning without straw addition Increase crop yields. Adjusting the C / N ratio of corn stalks to 35: 1 and applying the preservative is the best way to fertilize the corn stalks directly into the soil under the two-year wheat-corn cropping system in eastern Hebei.