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1972年中日邦交正常化以前,日本政府一直实行“政经分离”的对华政策,一方面追随美国承认台湾当局,另一方面逐渐扩大与大陆之间的民间贸易。到1962年,中日缔结了战后第一个长期民间贸易备忘录(LT贸易),双边贸易有了新的发展。然而,台湾当局利用日本国内的亲台湾派等渠道极力阻挠。由于这一问题与日本的国内政治斗争相纠缠,池田内阁最终对台作出妥协,使中日民间贸易遭受挫折。本文充分利用中、日、英三种文字的第一手资料,再现了这一历史过程,有助于我们理解上述“政经分离”原则的内在矛盾以及日本国内政治与对外关系之间的密切关联。
Before the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan in 1972, the Japanese government had always pursued a policy of separation of politics and economy from following the United States’ recognition of the Taiwan authorities and gradually expanding non-governmental trade with the mainland. By 1962, China and Japan concluded the first long-term civil trade memorandum (LT trade) after the war, with new developments in bilateral trade. However, the Taiwan authorities have tried their utmost to use such channels as pro-Taiwan sects in Japan. Since this issue was entangled with Japan’s domestic political struggle, Ikeda Cabinet finally compromised Taiwan and caused setbacks in the non-governmental trade between China and Japan. This article makes full use of the first-hand information of the Chinese, Japanese and English languages to reproduce this historical process and helps us to understand the inherent contradictions of the above-mentioned principle of “separation of politics from politics” and between Japan’s domestic politics and foreign relations Close relationship.