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目的了解河北省石家庄市居民吸烟状况及其变化趋势,为制定有效的控烟措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,于2013年对石家庄市抽取的9个县(市、区)共10 201名≥15岁常住居民进行吸烟状况问卷调查,并与2008年吸烟情况比较,对其变化趋势进行分析。结果 2013年石家庄市居民现在吸烟率为19.8%,每日吸烟率为16.8%,戒烟率为29.4%,成功戒烟率为10.9%,日均吸烟量为(18.1±10.3)支,开始吸烟年龄为(19.8±5.2)岁;不同特征居民吸烟情况比较,不同性别、年龄和地区居民现在吸烟率、每日吸烟率、戒烟率不同,不同年龄和地区居民成功戒烟率、日均吸烟量不同;不同年龄开始吸烟年龄不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);石家庄市居民2013年标化现在吸烟率和标化每日吸烟率分别为20.5%和17.5%,均低于2008年的23.9%和19.0%,标化戒烟率为25.6%,高于2008年的10.6%。结论石家庄市居民吸烟行为男性多于女性,农村多于城市;2013年居民吸烟状况较2008年有所改善,但依旧严重。
Objective To understand the smoking status of residents in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province and its changing trend, and to provide a scientific basis for making effective tobacco control measures. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to survey the smoking status of 10 201 permanent residents aged 15 years or more in 9 counties (cities and districts) collected in Shijiazhuang in 2013 and compared with the smoking status in 2008, Trend analysis. Results In 2013, residents in Shijiazhuang now had a smoking rate of 19.8%, a daily smoking rate of 16.8%, a smoking cessation rate of 29.4%, a successful smoking cessation rate of 10.9% and an average daily smoking rate of (18.1 ± 10.3) cigarettes. The smoking age (19.8 ± 5.2) years old. Compared with the smoking status of residents with different characteristics, the current smoking rate, daily smoking rate and smoking cessation rate were different among different sexes, ages and regions. The smoking cessation rate and daily smoking amount were different among residents of different ages and regions. (P <0.05). In Shijiazhuang City residents, the current smoking rate and standardized daily smoking rate in 2013 were 20.5% and 17.5%, respectively, which were all lower than those in 2008 23.9% and 19.0% respectively. The standardized smoking cessation rate was 25.6%, up from 10.6% in 2008. Conclusion The smoking behavior of residents in Shijiazhuang City is more than that of women in rural areas and more in rural areas than in urban areas. In 2013, smoking status of residents was improved compared with that of 2008, but it is still serious.