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目的：了解生长发育期眼的散光与正视化及近视发生发展的关系。方法：检查４ ～７ 岁和１０ ～１６岁两组对象的屈光情况，部分病例随访３ 年以上，睫状肌麻痹下验光，角膜曲率计测角膜散光。随访３ ～１２ 岁混合散光患儿２１ 眼。鸡４１ 只于出生次日行单眼角膜散光术，另眼对照，观察屈光及Ａ超和游标卡尺测球径。结果：散光发生率为７１．４％ 。４～７ 岁组中散光眼和无散光眼随访３ 年以上，平均远视屈光度分别降低＋ ０．９４±０．８６Ｄ和＋０ ．５８ ±０．４８Ｄ，差异明显（ｔ＝ ２．５７，Ｐ＜０．０１） 。１０ ～１６ 岁组中散光眼和无散光眼随访３ 年以上平均近视屈光度分别增加－１．２１±０ ．６３Ｄ和－ ０．６２５ ±０．２９Ｄ，差异显著（ｔ＝ ５．８５，Ｐ＜ ０．００１）。混合散光眼３ 年后多转变为复性近视散光。动物人工角膜散光可诱发低度近视屈光，与对照眼比较差异有极显著意义。鸡实验眼轴长多大于对照眼，组织病理学无明显改变。结论：散光在人及动物生长发育期可加速眼的正视化及诱发眼的近视化。
Objective: To understand the relationship between the development of astigmatism and the development of myopia during the developmental period. Methods: The refraction of subjects aged 4 to 7 years and 10 to 16 years old was examined. Some patients were followed up for more than 3 years. The refraction under ciliary muscle paralysis and corneal astigmatism were measured. 21 patients with mixed astigmatism aged 3 to 12 years were followed up. One day after birth, chicken 41 underwent monocular corneal astigmatism, another eye control, observe the refractive and A-and vernier caliper measured diameter. Results: The incidence of astigmatism was 71.4%. The patients with astigmatism and astigmatism in the age group of 4-7 years were followed up for more than 3 years, and the average farsightedness decreased by + 0.94 ± 0.86D and +0 respectively. 58 ± 0.48D, the difference was significant (t = 2.57, P <0.01). In the age group of 10-16 years, astigmatism and astigmatism were followed up for more than 3 years, the average myopia refraction increased -1.21 ± 0 respectively. 63D and -0.625 ± 0.29D, the difference was significant (t = 5.85, P <0.001). Mixed astigmatism more than 3 years later converted to refraction myopic astigmatism. Animal corneal astigmatism can induce low myopia refractive, compared with the control eye has a very significant difference. The axial length of the experimental chicken was larger than that of the control eye, with no significant change in histopathology. Conclusion: Astigmatism can accelerate the eyepia and induce the myopia in the growth of human and animal.