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用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、材料试验机、维氏硬度计等对铜钨合金与低碳钢焊接试样进行分析与检测。结果表明:焊缝组织为F+(ε+α)+λ,其中F为铁素体、λ(Fe2W)为金属间化合物、(ε+α)为颗粒状双相固溶体;(ε+α)双相固溶体与λ相的弥散强化作用,提高了焊缝及熔合区的强度与硬度。拉伸试验中,焊接接头只经过了弹性变形阶段和很短暂的塑性变形即被拉断,断口位于铜钨合金的熔合区,强度、塑性偏低。细小的孔隙和粗大空洞降低了焊接接头的强度,导致沿晶断裂。
The metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope, material testing machine, Vickers hardness tester were used to analyze and test the welding samples of copper-tungsten alloy and mild steel. The results show that the microstructure of the weld is F + (ε + α) + λ, where F is ferrite, λ (Fe2W) is an intermetallic compound and Phase solid solution and the phase dispersion strengthening effect, improve the weld and fusion zone strength and hardness. Tensile test, the welded joints only after the stage of elastic deformation and very short plastic deformation that is pulled off, the fracture located in the fusion zone of copper-tungsten alloy, strength, low plasticity. Small pores and large voids reduce the strength of welded joints, resulting in intergranular fracture.