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目的:了解英山县2013-04-2013-05间手足口病爆发高峰期病原学及流行病学特征,为本地区手足口病的防治提供依据。方法:采集109例手足口病患者咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法进行肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)的核酸检测。结果:肠道病毒通用型阳性81例,阳性率为74.3%;EV71病毒阳性63例,阳性率为57.8%;CA16阳性19例,阳性率为17.4%;其中EV71和CA16双阳性12例,阳性率为11.0%。此次爆发高峰期的发病患者年龄集中在1~4岁儿童,并且男性患儿明显多于女性,以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,EV71亚型发热患者所占比率要显著高于CA16亚型。结论:英山县2013年手足口病高峰期的主要病原体是EV71亚型,了解患者手足口病感染的病原体亚型及流行病学特征。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of HFMD at the peak of 2013-04-2013-05 in Yingshan County, and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of HFMD in this area. Methods: The pharyngeal swab specimens from 109 HFMD patients were collected. The real-time PCR method was used to detect the DNA of enterovirus type 71, EV71 and Coxsackie virus type A16 (CA16). Results: The positive rate of enterovirus positive in 81 cases was 74.3%. The positive rate of EV71 virus in 63 cases was 57.8%. The positive rate of CA16 was 17.4%. The positive rate of EV71 and CA16 was 12 The rate was 11.0%. The onset of the peak incidence of patients aged 1 to 4 years old children, and the male children were significantly more than women, mainly to diaspore children and childcare children, EV71 subtype fever patients was significantly higher than the proportion of CA16 type. Conclusion: The main pathogen of HFMD in Yingshan County in 2013 is EV71 subtypes, which can be used to understand the pathogens subtypes and epidemiological characteristics of HFMD patients.