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20世纪60年代以来,北京市地面沉降不断发展,目前已经形成了东郊八里庄-大郊亭、东北郊-来广营、昌平沙河-八仙庄、大兴榆垡-礼贤和顺义平各庄5个沉降区。本文选取目前地面沉降较为严重的北京市朝阳区、顺义区和通州区作为研究区,利用2003-2010年的47景ASAR影像数据,采用SBAS-InSAR技术获取了研究区的地面沉降监测结果,并分别以SFP点年均沉降速率和各年沉降量作为权重,计算SFP点空间分布中心与方向特征椭圆,定量分析了研究区地面沉降时空特征。结果表明:2004-2010年,北京市地面沉降表现为严重的不均匀沉降,年沉降量最大值由104.04 mm增加到178.83 mm;标准差椭圆长轴与南北方向平行,反映出地面沉降空间发展方向性在南北方向较东西方向明显,椭圆面积由592.25 km~2减小到503.84 km~2,表明2004-2010年研究区内发生地面沉降的区域范围变化呈减小趋势,但从沉降量可以发现,北京地面沉降一直处于加重趋势。
Since the 1960s, the land subsidence in Beijing has witnessed continuous development. At present, the Balizhuang-Daijiao Pavilion in the eastern suburbs, the Laiwuying in the northeastern suburbs, the Shahe-Baixianzhuang in Changping, the Daxing Yuzuo-Lixian and Shunyipingzhuangzhuang 5 settlement area. In this paper, the Chaoyang District, Shunyi District and Tongzhou District, Beijing, which are the most seriously affected by land subsidence, are selected as the study area. Based on the ASAR image data of 47 scenes from 2003 to 2010, the land subsidence monitoring results of the study area are obtained by using SBAS-InSAR technology Taking the annual sedimentation rate of SFP point and the annual sedimentation amount as the weights respectively, the spatial distribution center and direction feature ellipse of SFP point were calculated and the temporal and spatial characteristics of land subsidence were quantitatively analyzed. The results show that from 2004 to 2010, the land subsidence in Beijing shows serious uneven settlement with the maximum annual settlement increasing from 104.04 mm to 178.83 mm. The long axis of the standard deviation ellipsoid is parallel to the north and south directions, reflecting the development direction of the land subsidence space It shows that the area of ellipsoid decreases from 592.25 km ~ 2 to 503.84 km ~ 2 in the north and south direction, indicating that the change of the regional range of land subsidence in the study area decreases from 2004 to 2010, but the subsidence can be found from the subsidence Beijing land subsidence has been in aggravating trend.