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目的了解淮河入江水道上段血吸虫病潜在流行因素,制定监测预警方案。方法 2014—2016年的每年4月份对淮河入江水道上段内的滩地、河道采取系统抽样结合环境抽样法开展钉螺调查;每年6—9月份在金湖站、洪泽站采用网捞法和稻草帘诱螺法开展钉螺扩散监测;对过往船只进行钉螺吸附调查。每年对淮河入江水道上段内的渔船民、施工、种植、养殖等人员采用胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)进行血吸虫病监测,阳性者采用Kato-katz法(1粪3检)进行病原学检查。开展经济结构调查和相关因素调查。结果 2014—2016年共调查面积1 327.90 hm~2,未发现钉螺;累计打捞漂浮1 586 kg,投放稻草帘400块,调查船只129条,共检获海蛳等螺类17 585只,均未发现钉螺。累计DDIA查病2 441人次,阳性43人,阳性率1.76%。渔船民血检阳性率高于其他人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);粪检33人,未发现血吸虫病人。淮河入江水道上段资源丰富,分布有油田、可种植的滩地、养殖的水面,畜牧业、航运业、旅游业发展良好。境内属亚热带湿润季风气候带,年平均气温14.9℃,年平均降水量1 023.2 mm,年平均日照时数2 072.5 h。属季节性行洪道,具有“冬陆夏水”的特征。结论淮河入江水道上段有潜在的血吸虫病流行因素,应做好与血吸虫病疫区相邻的重点环境钉螺监测和南水北调金湖站、洪泽站钉螺扩散监测,加强对渔船民等流动人口的病情监测,做好生态、自然环境的调查研究。
Objective To understand the potential epidemic factors of schistosomiasis in the upper reaches of the Huaihe River and to develop a monitoring and early warning plan. Methods From April 2014 to April 2016, a systematic sampling and environmental sampling method was used to conduct snail surveys on the beach and river courses in the upper section of the Huaihe River in the upper reaches. In June and September each year, fishing and straw curtains were used at Jinhu and Hongze stations Lure method to carry out snail diffusion monitoring; on the past vessels Snail adsorption investigation. Each year fishing boats, construction, planting, breeding and other personnel in the upper section of the Huaihe River into the waterway use the colloidal dye test strip method (DDIA) to monitor schistosomiasis, and positive patients are pathologically examined using the Kato-katz method . To carry out economic structure investigation and related factors survey. Results A total area of 1 327.90 hm ~ 2 was retrieved from 2014 to 2016. Snails were not found. Total 1,578 kg were retrieved and floated, 400 rice straw curtains were placed and 129 vessels were surveyed. A total of 17 585 snails were seized, of which no snail was found Snails. A total of 2 441 DDIA patients were found, 43 were positive and the positive rate was 1.76%. The positive rate of blood tests of fishing boat people was higher than that of other groups, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There were 33 fecal samples and no schistosomiasis patients were found. Huaihe River Waterway upper section rich in resources, distribution of oil fields, beach can be planted, aquaculture water, animal husbandry, shipping, tourism developed well. The territory is a subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, the annual average temperature of 14.9 ℃, the average annual rainfall of 1023.2 mm, annual average sunshine hours 2,072.5 h. A seasonal flood gate, with “winter land and summer water” features. Conclusion There are potential epidemic factors of schistosomiasis in the upper reaches of the Huaihe River and should be monitored by the key environmental snails adjacent to the schistosomiasis epidemic area and the monitoring of snail diffusion at Jinhu Station and Hongze Station of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. , Do a good job of ecological and natural environment research.