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自由既有普遍性又有特殊性。在一切人的自由中,更应关注劳动者的个人自由。人类历史可看作劳动者为个人充分发展争取更大自由的历史。抽象自由观是人类思想的历史性进步,其局限性在于无视劳动者与剥削者的区别,把资产者的自由当作一切人的自由。抽象的自由与平等的悖论根源在于私有制。抽象自由观反对集体主义,错在没有区别真的与冒充的集体。集体主义包含相互联系的两个方面:集体为个人,个人为集体。集体主义内在地要求民主。
Freedom has both universality and particularity. In all human freedom, we should pay more attention to the individual freedom of laborers. Human history can be seen as a history of laborers striving for greater freedom for their full development. The abstract concept of freedom is the historical progress of human thought. Its limitation lies in disregarding the difference between laborers and exploiters and treating the bourgeois liberty as freedom for all. The abstract paradox of freedom and equality lies in private ownership. The concept of abstract freedom opposed collectivism, there is no difference between real and impersonating collective. Collectivism contains two aspects of mutual relations: collective as individuals, individuals as a collective. Collectivism inherently demands democracy.