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在考虑重金属对健康影响时,首先要研究体内金属污染的浓度,即测定各脏器和血液中金属分布的浓度。如氯化汞和低级烷基汞各自经口侵入时,虽都是汞化合物,但在体内汞的分布不同,毒性表现也不同。无机汞在肾脏蓄积的浓度高,表现为肾脏损害,而低级烷基汞易在脑内蓄积,呈现神经症状,尤可观察到有机汞中毒的典型症状,在视觉损害对应的大脑后叶皮质有显著的蓄积,由此,可了解汞化合物的分布与病理损害所确定的部位是一致的。而且蓄积量和发生损害相关。体内同时给与无机汞和硒时,肝脏和肾脏汞和硒的浓度明显上升,硒的共存使汞的毒性受到明显的抑制。一般认为是在体内因汞和硒结合变成难以排泄、毒性小的化合物蓄积在脏器内。因此,不能仅用浓度来评价毒性,还必须探讨其化学结构。
In considering the health effects of heavy metals, we must first study the concentration of metal contamination in the body, that is, the determination of the concentration of metal distribution in various organs and blood. Mercury compounds such as mercuric chloride and lower alkylmercury, when they are orally invaded, are all mercury compounds. However, the distribution of mercury in the body is different, and the toxicity manifests differently. Inorganic mercury accumulation in the kidney high concentration, manifested as kidney damage, and lower alkylmercury easy to accumulate in the brain, showing neurological symptoms, especially the typical symptoms of organic mercury poisoning can be observed in the visual impairment corresponding to the posterior cortex cortex Significant accumulation, therefore, can understand the distribution of mercury compounds and pathological damage determined by the site is consistent. And the volume and damage occurred. When both inorganic mercury and selenium were given in vivo, the concentrations of mercury and selenium in the liver and kidney increased significantly, and the coexistence of selenium caused the toxicity of mercury to be significantly suppressed. Is generally believed that in the body due to the combination of mercury and selenium into difficult to excretion, less toxic compounds stored in the organs. Therefore, the concentration can not be used to evaluate toxicity, but its chemical structure must also be explored.