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一、前言 在早期,输入输出控制由用户直接用机器指令启动输入输出设备,并由中央处理机直接控制信息的传送和结束。这是单设备的工作方式。后来,逐步发展到运用多道程序技术控制输入输出设备各自完成自己的程序的交换器方式;继后又发展到能适应不同类型外部设备的独立控制输入输出操作的各种类型的通道方式。半导体技术的飞速发展以及微程序控制的应用又进一步出现了能集中控制所有的通道操作的集中控制方式。HDS-9机的交换器就属集中控制方式,对于某些计算机特别在分布式系统中还出现了具有诊断及处理功能的输入输出处理机。
I. INTRODUCTION In the early days, I / O control was started by the user directly with the machine instruction to start the I / O device. The CPU directly controlled the transmission and termination of the message. This is how a single device works. Later, it gradually developed into a switch mode that uses multiple programs to control input and output devices to complete their own programs respectively. Then it developed various types of channel modes that can independently control input and output operations of different types of external devices. With the rapid development of semiconductor technology and the application of micro-program control, a centralized control method that can centrally control all channel operations has further emerged. HDS-9 machine switch is a centralized control, for some computers, especially in distributed systems also appeared with the diagnosis and processing capabilities of the input and output processors.