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目的:探讨儿童乳制品摄入频率与左心室肥厚（LVH）的关联。方法:研究对象来源于在山东省淄博市桓台县开展的“桓台儿童心血管健康随访队列”。采用方便整群抽样的方法，于2017年11月至2018年1月在桓台县某所小学选取1 515名6~11岁儿童进行基线调查，将问卷调查、体格检查、超声检查和实验室检测等信息均完整的1 237名儿童纳入研究。根据乳制品摄入频率，将研究对象分为5组（从不、≤3次/月、1~2次/周、3~5次/周和几乎每天），采用多元线性回归及趋势卡方检验探讨LVMI水平及LVH检出率随乳制品摄入频率的变化趋势，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析乳制品摄入频率与儿童LVH的关系。结果:1 237名研究对象的年龄为（8.4±1.6）岁，其中男童655名（53.0%）。随着乳制品摄入频率的增加，儿童LVMI水平及LVH检出率均呈下降趋势（n P趋势0.05). With the increase of dairy intake frequencies, the level of LVMI and the prevalence of LVH decreased significantly (n P for trend<0.05). After the adjustment of potential covariates, compared with no dairy intake group, children who consumed dairy products 1-2 times/week (n OR=0.27, 95%n CI:0.09-0.82), 3-5 times/week (n OR=0.33, 95%n CI:0.12-0.91) and almost every day (n OR=0.22, 95%n CI:0.09-0.54) had a lower risk of LVH.n Conclusion:Dairy intake frequency is associated with LVH in childhood, and children who consume dairy products frequently (more than once a week) are less likely to have LVH.