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肿瘤是危害人类健康最严重的疾病之一,并且我国的肿瘤死亡率呈逐年上升趋势。肿瘤免疫治疗作为手术、放疗和化疗之后第4种治疗手段被临床广泛应用。肿瘤免疫治疗通过激发或调动机体的免疫系统,增强肿瘤微环境的抗肿瘤免疫力,从而控制和杀伤肿瘤细胞,是当前肿瘤治疗领域最具前景的研究方向之一。表观遗传学是研究DNA序列未改变而基因表达发生变化的一种可遗传改变,其调节机制主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA调节等。表观遗传修饰在免疫应答及肿瘤免疫治疗中的调控作用越来越受到重视。本文综述了表观遗传修饰对机体免疫细胞的调控以及通过干预进行肿瘤免疫治疗的相关研究和应用前景。
Tumor is one of the most serious diseases endangering human health, and the incidence of cancer in our country is increasing year by year. Tumor immunotherapy as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy after the fourth treatment is widely used clinically. Tumor immunotherapy is one of the most promising research fields in the field of oncology treatment by stimulating or mobilizing the body’s immune system and enhancing the anti-tumor immunity of the tumor microenvironment to control and kill tumor cells. Epigenetics is a heritable alteration that studies the change of DNA sequence and gene expression. Its regulation mechanism mainly includes DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA regulation. The role of epigenetic modification in the regulation of immune response and tumor immunotherapy has drawn more and more attention. This review summarizes the regulation of epigenetic modification on immune cells and the related research and application prospects of tumor immunotherapy through intervention.