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我国自然灾害分布较广,具有局部常发、大面积突发等特点,合理布局公路应急资源对开展应急救灾工作十分必要。应急资源只在应急时使用,与公路养护资源合并布局,更具有经济性。本文分析了影响应急资源布局的主要因素,探讨了应急资源布局的中值问题、覆盖问题和中心问题等布局模型,在解决复合目标下的应急资源布局存在诸多限制,因此,结合实际问题,构建了综合考虑局部灾害应急资源布局、区域、大面积公路灾害应急资源布局和养护资源布局的复合目标、多层级的应急资源布局模型,并进行了案例验证,进一步说明该模型具有可行性和经济性。
The distribution of natural disasters in our country is quite wide, with the characteristics of local frequent occurrence and sudden large-area emergencies. It is very necessary for the rational distribution of emergency resources to carry out emergency relief work. Emergency resources are only used in emergencies and are more economically integrated with the road maintenance resources. This paper analyzes the main factors that affect the layout of emergency resources and explores the layout models of the median, emergency and central issues of emergency resources layout. There are many limitations to the layout of emergency resources under the composite goals. Therefore, in light of practical problems, The comprehensive target of multi-level emergency resource layout considering the layout of emergency resources of local disasters, the layout of emergency resources and the distribution of resources for disaster relief of large-area and large-scale roads, and case validation are conducted to further illustrate the feasibility and economy of the model .