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分析了恩施州不同气候型旱地土壤肥力变化及肥力因子的变异特征。结果表明:(1)不同海拔带土壤类型随着海拔的上升和生物气候的变化而有规律地形成土壤垂直带谱;(2)随着海拔的升高,土壤pH值、速效磷含量保持相对的稳定,但土壤有机质、速效钾、碱解氮含量表现出明显的上升趋势;(3)土壤pH的变异最小,土壤有机质、碱解氮的变异次之,土壤速效磷和速效钾的变异系数明显大于其它3个土壤肥力因子;土壤速效磷和速效钾的变异系数表现出随着海拔的增加变异系数减小的趋势;(4)恩施州土壤肥力状况较20年前相比发生了明显的变化,尤其是土壤速效磷和碱解氮含量表现为明显的增加趋势。
The variation characteristics of soil fertility and the variation of fertility factors in different climate drylands in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture were analyzed. The results showed as follows: (1) The vertical soil profiles were formed regularly with the elevation of altitude and bioclimatic change of soil types at different altitudes; (2) With the elevation increasing, the soil pH value and available phosphorus content remained relatively (3) The variation of soil pH was the smallest, followed by the variation of soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and the coefficient of variation of soil available P and available K (P <0.05). The coefficient of variation of soil available P and available K showed a trend of decreasing with the increase of altitude. (4) The soil fertility of Enshi prefecture was significantly higher than that of 20 years ago Changes, especially soil available phosphorus and alkaline nitrogen content showed a significant increase trend.