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一、基本情况 我场位于天山北麓,准噶尔盆地西南边缘的玛纳斯河中下游,东经85°15′—86°20′,北纬44°15′—46°00′之间,海拔339.5米。全年无霜期为140.6天。早霜在9月15到10月15日之间,晚霜在4月13日到5月31日之间（1951—1960年资料）。生长期最长出现在1953年,为173天,最短出现在1954年,为130天。年平均降水量164.2毫米（105.7—219.6毫米）;年平均蒸发量1,974.9毫米（1,962.5—2,112.1毫米）,为降水量的12倍。年平均气温4.6—6.8℃;月平均气温最高在1953年7月,高达27.7℃,最低在1956年元月,低达-25.9℃。历年来极端温度,最高43.6℃,最低-48℃。 我场下八户地区耕地面积5万余亩,未开垦前土壤性状很坏,土表为黄色或棕黄色,结构
I. Basic Information The site is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Manas River at the north foot of Tianshan Mountains and at the southwestern margin of the Junggar Basin. The site is between 85 ° 15’-86 ° 20’E and 44 ° 15’-46 ° 00’N at an elevation of 339.5 meters. The annual frost-free period is 140.6 days. Early frost is between September 15 and October 15 and night frost is between April 13 and May 31 (data from 1951 to 1960). The longest growing period occurred in 1953, which was 173 days, the shortest in 1954, which was 130 days. The annual average precipitation is 164.2 millimeters (105.7-219.6 millimeters); the annual average evaporation is 1,974.9 millimeters (1,962.5-2,112.1 millimeters), which is 12 times of the precipitation. The annual average temperature of 4.6-6.8 ℃; the highest monthly average temperature in July 1953, up to 27.7 ℃, the lowest in January 1956, as low as -25.9 ℃. Extreme temperatures over the years, the highest 43.6 ℃, the lowest -48 ℃. My field under Hachimasu area of more than 50,000 acres of arable land, soil properties before the reclamation is very bad, soil surface is yellow or brown, the structure