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甲基汞是汞存在于水生生态系统(水体、沉积物和水生生物)毒性最强的形态,并通过食物链的传递对生物体产生危害,因此有效控制汞的甲基化过程是汞环境化学和毒理学研究的重要课题。生物体内硒对汞的甲基化过程有明显的抑制作用,明确汞和硒在水生生态系统的形态特征以及汞-硒相互作用机制,有助于解决汞污染问题。汞在生物体内的毒性与生物体内硒含量紧密相关,汞与硒相之间的相互作用主要表现在生成不溶的化合物促使汞去甲基化或受生物体内硒相关酶抑制被直接排除于生物体外,从而抑制了汞的毒害作用。本文评述了汞、硒在水生生态系统中的形态特征,指出在水体中合理添加硒化合物可抑制无机汞在生物体内甲基化过程,深入研究生物体内汞和硒相互作用机制及其生理效应是该领域未来发展方向。
Methylmercury, the most toxic form of mercury that exists in aquatic ecosystems (water, sediments and aquatic organisms), is harmful to organisms through the transport of the food chain. Therefore, the effective control of mercury methylation is mercury chemistry and Toxicology research important topic. Selenium in organisms significantly inhibits the methylation of mercury, clarifies the morphological characteristics of mercury and selenium in aquatic ecosystems and the mercury-selenium interaction mechanism, and helps to solve the problem of mercury pollution. Mercury toxicity in vivo is closely related to selenium content in vivo. The interaction between mercury and selenium phase is mainly manifested in that the formation of insoluble compounds to demethylate mercury or the inhibition of selenium-related enzymes in organisms is directly excluded from the organism , Thus inhibiting the toxic effects of mercury. This paper reviews the morphological characteristics of mercury and selenium in aquatic ecosystems. It is pointed out that the rational addition of selenium compounds in water can inhibit the inorganic methylation of inorganic mercury in vivo. The mechanism of the interaction between mercury and selenium and its physiological effects The future direction of development in this area.