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蚜虫是同翅目中较大的一个类群,全世界已知约4000种。农林经济作物上大都有蚜虫取食,如桃蚜Myzus persicae、豆蚜Aphis craccivora、棉蚜Aphis gossypii、麦长管蚜Macrosi-phum avenae等等,都是著名大害虫。蚜虫不仅吸取大量汁液,引起植物营养恶化,而且能传带上百种植物病毒病及其他病害,造成严重的间接为害。蚜虫排泄的蜜露常盖满植物表面影响植物的呼吸和光合作用,还能引起霉菌孳生,诱发烟霉病。本文简要介绍蚜虫生物防治的一些情况,并对今后的工作提出一些建议,供参考。
Aphids are a larger group in the Homoptera, known around the world about 4,000 species. Most of the crops in agriculture and forestry are aphid feeding, such as Myzus persicae, Aphis craccivora, Aphis gossypii, Macrosi-phum avenae and so on, all of which are famous pests. Aphids not only absorb large amounts of juice, causing deterioration of plant nutrition, but also carry hundreds of plant virus diseases and other diseases, causing serious indirect damage. Honeydew aphids excreted often covered plant surface effects of plant respiration and photosynthesis, but also cause mold breeding, induced smoke mildew. This article briefly describes some of the biological control of aphids, and puts forward some suggestions for future work for reference.