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基于农业碳足迹理论及生命周期评价法,采用问卷调查方式,定量研究河北省棉花生产碳足迹,分析其构成因素,解析河北省棉花生产肥料和灌溉投入与产量的关系。研究结果表明:1)河北省棉花生产单位面积、单位产量、单位生物量、单位产值碳足迹(以CO_2当量计)分别为3272.71 kg·hm~(-2),1.04 kg·kg~(-1),0.40 kg·kg~(-1)和0.34 kg·$-1,低于前人研究结果中华北平原作物生产平均碳足迹和冬小麦碳足迹;2)化肥、灌溉、地膜为河北省棉花生产碳排放主要来源,分别占棉花生产碳足迹的34.53%、25.98%和18.44%;3)在调研的棉田中,25.63%的地块肥料投入过量,21.11%的地块灌溉投入过量,且产量较低,存在着较大的节能减排潜力。逐步扩大棉花种植面积,并发展棉花节肥、节水、免覆膜技术,必将成为未来河北省作物生产应对气候变化,发展低碳农业的重要举措。
Based on the agricultural carbon footprint theory and life cycle assessment method, a questionnaire survey was conducted to quantitatively study the carbon footprint of cotton production in Hebei Province, analyze its components and analyze the relationship between input and output of fertilizers and irrigation in cotton production in Hebei Province. The results showed as follows: 1) The unit area, unit yield, unit biomass and unit carbon footprint of cotton production in Hebei Province were 3272.71 kg · hm -2 and 1.04 kg · kg -1 ), 0.40 kg · kg -1 and 0.34 kg · $ -1, respectively, lower than the average carbon footprint of crop production and winter wheat carbon footprint in the North China Plain in the previous studies. 2) Fertilizer, irrigation and plastic film Carbon sources accounted for 34.53%, 25.98% and 18.44% of the carbon footprint of cotton production respectively; 3) 25.63% of the plot fertilizers were overinvested, 21.11% of the plots were irrigated, and the yield was more Low, there is a greater potential for energy saving. The gradual expansion of cotton acreage and the development of cotton fertilizer-saving, water-saving and membrane-free technologies will surely become an important measure for crop production in Hebei Province to cope with climate change and develop low-carbon agriculture in the future.