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急性肝功能衰竭(acute liver failure,ALF)是一种极为严重且进展迅速的临床综合症且最具挑战性临床医学问题,鉴于对ALF认识不足及对患者进行研究的困难,建立准确反映人ALF临床特征的动物模型至关重要。目前ALF大动物模型众多。主要应用猪、狗,通过手术方法(全肝切除、部分肝切除、肝缺血)或化学药物方法(醋氨酚、D-氨基半乳糖、四氯化碳等)建模。然而现今的模型都不能准确地重现人ALF,都有其局限性。可喜的是兔出血病病毒模型可很好重现人ALF临床生理、生化特征,但兔同人差异大。进一步尝试建立大动物感染模型以及非人灵长类动物模型十分必要,且将是未来趋势。
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a very serious and rapidly progressing clinical syndrome and the most challenging clinical medical problem. In view of the lack of understanding of ALF and the difficulty of studying the patients, it is necessary to establish an accurate and accurate diagnosis of human ALF Animal models of clinical features are of crucial importance. At present, there are many ALF animal models. The main application of pigs, dogs, surgical methods (total hepatectomy, partial hepatectomy, hepatic ischemia) or chemical drugs (acetaminophen, D-galactosamine, carbon tetrachloride, etc.) modeling. However, none of today’s models reproduce human ALF accurately and have their limitations. It is gratifying that the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus model can well reproduce the clinical physiological and biochemical features of human ALF, but there are great differences among rabbits. Further attempts to establish a large animal infection model and non-human primates animal model is necessary, and will be the future trend.