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目的了解2010~2012年深圳市B型流感的流行状况,应用单碱基延伸终止荧光偏振法快速诊断,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法从GenBank随机下载By和Bv HA基因,通过MEGA分析,利用Primer Premier软件设计特异引物和通用探针,应用单碱基延伸终止法与荧光偏振技术对流感哨点监测医院随机采集流感样病例的咽拭子或咽漱液标本进行快速检测,用HA(IHemagglutination inhibition)实验确认的B型流感病毒亚系分离毒株进行特异性验证。结果 2010~2012年共采集并检测流感样病例咽拭子4 630份,快速诊断B型流感病毒阳性189例,与HAI分离并鉴定结果一致,总阳性率为4.08%;以2012年第7周阳性率最高,达51.61%;病毒阳性者平均年龄为(13±15)岁,其中小于10岁组的阳性率最高,达4.70%。结论 2010~2012年深圳市B型流感病毒的监测中,Victoria亚型为主要流行株。深圳B型流感病毒主要累及青少年和老年人群。应继续加强监测工作,并在流行季节及时采取预防控制措施以保护公众的身体健康。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of influenza B in Shenzhen from 2010 to 2012, and to use the single base extension termination fluorescence polarization method to diagnose quickly so as to provide basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods The genes of By and Bv HA were randomly downloaded from GenBank. Based on the MEGA analysis, Primer Premier software was used to design specific primers and universal probes. Single-base extension termination and fluorescence polarization were used to detect influenza-like sites in the hospital. Throat swab or pharyngeal swab samples for rapid detection, HA (IHemagglutination inhibition) experiment confirmed influenza B virus strains isolated specificity verification. Results A total of 4 630 pharyngeal swabs of influenza-like cases were collected and detected in 2010 and 2012. 189 cases were positive for rapid diagnosis of influenza B virus. The results were consistent with those of HAI. The overall positive rate was 4.08%. By the 7th week of 2012 The positive rate was the highest (51.61%). The average age of virus positive was (13 ± 15) years old, of which the positive rate was 4.70%, which was less than 10 years old. Conclusion From 2010 to 2012, the subtype of Victoria was the main epidemic strain in the surveillance of influenza B virus in Shenzhen. Shenzhen B virus mainly affects young people and elderly people. Monitoring work should continue to be strengthened and preventive and control measures should be taken promptly in the popular season to protect public health.