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目的:了解围绝经期和绝经后妇女身心健康状况。方法:采用妇女健康问卷表,对161例围绝经期妇女(围绝经期组)和163例绝经后妇女(绝经后组)从身体状况、自我意识、血管运动、焦虑、性生活、睡眠共6个因素、35个项目,进行量化问卷调查分析。结果:围绝经期妇女症状出现率为100.0%,绝经后为96.20%,围绝经期性生活问题出现率显著高于绝经后期(P<0.05),绝经后血管运动评分显著高于围绝经期组(P<0.05),各项评分在工人与干部组间无明显差异(P>0.05),围绝经期组小学-文盲文化层次焦虑评分显著高于中学、大专-大学层次(P<0.05)。结论:围绝经期和绝经后妇女普遍存在生理和心理不适,在围绝经期以性生活障碍较为常见,绝经后以血管运动失调为主,低文化层次妇女对围绝经症状出现较强的焦虑情绪,但不同职业对围绝经期症状无明显影响。
Purpose: To understand the physical and mental health of menopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods: A total of 161 cases of perimenopausal women (menopausal group) and 163 cases of postmenopausal women (menopause group) were selected from the following groups: physical condition, self-awareness, vasomotor, anxiety, sexual activity and sleep A factor, 35 items, a quantitative analysis of the questionnaire. Results: The incidence of perimenopausal women was 100.0% and 96.20% after menopause. The incidence of perimenopausal life problems was significantly higher than that of menopausal women (P <0.05), and the postmenopausal menorrhagia score was significantly higher than that of perimenopausal group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the scores of workers and cadres (P> 0.05). The level of anxiety of primary school-illiterate culture in perimenopausal group was significantly higher than that of middle school and college-university level (P <0.05). Conclusion: Peri-menopausal and postmenopausal women have common physiological and psychological discomfort, sexual dysfunction in perimenopausal period is more common, and postmenopausal menorrhagia predominates. Low-cultural women have strong anxiety on perimenopausal symptoms , But different occupations had no significant effect on perimenopausal symptoms.