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目的分析桂林市灵川县儿童免疫规划疫苗及时接种情况,分析其影响因素并及时采取有效措施。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取灵川县县城及12个乡镇的儿童进行免疫规划疫苗及时接种情况调查,并开展电话催约、村医上门发通知催约、缩短接种服务周期、疫苗知识讲座和宣传等的联合干预措施。评价干预前后疫苗及时接种率情况的变化。结果采取干预措施后,BCG(86.00%vs 92.06%,χ~2=22.754,P<0.001)、HepB(89.96%vs 95.32%,χ~2=24.328,P<0.001)、OPV(89.15%vs 94.44%,χ~2=20.872,P<0.001)、DPT(81.01%vs93.68%,χ~2=78.494,P<0.001)、MR(87.68%vs 93.09%,χ~2=16.123,P<0.001)、MenA(57.70%vs 89.61%,χ~2=257.271,P<0.001)的及时接种率均高于干预前,且差异均有统计学意义;未及时接种原因主要是因为家长忘记时间(73.80%,369名),孩子生病(11.80%,59名)和有事情耽搁(11.20%,56名)。结论我县儿童免疫规划疫苗及时接种情况不甚理想,主动开展如电话催约、村医上门发通知催约、缩短接种服务周期、疫苗知识讲座和宣传等的联合干预措施可有效提高我县儿童免疫规划疫苗及时接种率。
Objective To analyze the timely vaccination of vaccines for childhood immunization in Lingchuan County, Guilin, analyze the influencing factors and take timely and effective measures. Methods A randomized cluster sampling method was used to survey children in Lingchuan county and 12 towns and townships and to investigate the timely vaccination of immunization programs and call for reminders to shorten vaccination service cycle and vaccine knowledge Lectures and advocacy and other joint interventions. Evaluation of changes in the timely vaccination rate before and after the intervention. Results After intervention, BCG (89.00% vs 92.06%, χ ~ 2 = 22.754, P <0.001), HepB (89.96% vs 95.32%, χ ~ 2 = 24.328, (87.68% vs 93.09%, χ ~ 2 = 16.123, P <0.001, P <0.001, P <0.001) ), MenA (57.70% vs 89.61%, χ ~ 2 = 257.271, P <0.001) were significantly higher than those before intervention, and the differences were statistically significant. The reasons for the lack of timely inoculation were mainly because parents forgot the time (73.80% %, 369), sick children (11.80%, 59) and delays (11.20%, 56). Conclusions The timely vaccination of vaccines for childhood immunization in our county is less than ideal. The joint intervention such as telephone reminder, village medical door reminder, shortening vaccination period, vaccine knowledge lectures and propaganda can be effectively promoted in our county Immunization Vaccine timely vaccination rate.