This year (2018) marks the 60th anniversary of the "central dogma",summarized as "DNA makes RNA makes protein",which was originally proposed by Francis Crick in 1958.Three years later,messenger RNA was identified as the template of protein synthesis.After 60 years of discovery,including discovery of the split nature of eukaryotic genes (i.e.,splicing),it becomes evident that messenger RNAs are not merely messengers,but a hub of co-and post-transcriptional regulation,which is fundamental to amplify the complexity encoded in the genome of higher eukaryotic organisms.The mature forms of RNA of protein-coding genes and their abundance have to be tightly regulated through multiple steps of sophisticated processing,including capping,splicing and polyadenylation.In addition,their function also critically depends on proper localization — sometimes trafficking to the remote parts of the cell such as dendrites and axons of neurons—and proper control of their stability.Furthermore,thousands of long and small noncoding RNAs are produced to play a wide range of roles in gene regulation.From our perspective,two overarching goals for RNA biology include (i) characterizing the spatial-temporal regulation of various RNA species and elucidating the underlying regulatory mechanisms;(ii) understanding the functional impact of such regulation on human physiology and disease.