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4.作用于呼吸道的药物 4.1 抗哮喘药物近二十年来,尽管支气管解痉药取得了重大的进展,人们依然在寻找理想的支气管扩张药。所谓理想的药物,即具有β_2选择性,对β_1受体无影响,且尽可能兼具有α受体阻滞作用及抗胆碱作用的药物。进一步的努力就是开发口服吸收良好,作用持续时间长和起效迅速,既作用于主呼吸道,又作用于小气管,但对气体交换无不良影响的新药。迄今的成就仅仅是逐步接近了这一理想的目标。约十年前,克仑特罗(clenbuterol)作为
4. Drugs acting on the respiratory tract 4.1 Anti-asthma drugs Nearly two decades, although the bronchial antispasmodic drugs have made significant progress, people are still looking for the ideal bronchodilator. The so-called ideal drugs, that is, with β 2 selectivity, β 1 receptor has no effect, and as much as possible with both α receptor block and anticholinergic drugs. A further effort is to develop new drugs that have good oral absorption, long duration of action and rapid onset of action, acting both on the main respiratory tract and on the small trachea, but without adverse effects on gas exchange. Achievements so far are only moving closer to achieving this ideal. About ten years ago, clenbuterol served as