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目的了解湖北省麻城市居民1987—2008年意外跌落死亡分布特征及其变化趋势,为制定干预措施提供参考依据。方法收集1987—2008年麻城市居民病伤死亡登记报告中的意外跌落死亡数据,按年份、性别、年龄和居住地分别计算死亡率和死因构成比,并进行χ2检验和χ2趋势检验。结果麻城市居民1987—2008年意外跌落死亡率为4.97/10万,其中男性死亡率为6.87/10万,高于女性的2.90/10万(χ2=193.11,P<0.000 1);1987—1988、1989—1993、1994—1998、1999—2003、2004—2008年居民意外跌落死亡率分别为6.28/10万、5.11/10万、6.33/10万、4.25/10万、3.78/10万,死亡率随着年份的增加呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=49.90,P<0.001);0～、15～、25～、35～、45～、55～、≥65岁年龄组居民意外跌落死亡率分别为2.08/10万、3.04/10万、3.94/10万、4.84/10万、7.31/10万、10.82/10万、20.11/10万,死亡率随年龄增长呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=850.4,P<0.000 1);居住在平原、丘陵、山区居民意外跌落死亡率分别为3.54/10万、3.93/10万、8.63/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=223.52,P<0.000 1),3种地形居民死亡率均随年份的增加呈下降趋势(P<0.01)。结论麻城市居民1987—2008年意外跌落死亡率呈下降趋势,男性、老年人和山区居民意外跌落死亡率较高,是预防意外跌落死亡的重点人群。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and trends of accidental drop deaths among residents in Ma City, Hubei Province from 1987 to 2008, and provide a reference for the formulation of intervention measures. Methods Accidental drop death data were collected from the report of death of sick and wounded in Macheng City from 1987 to 2008. The mortality and the cause of death were calculated according to year, sex, age and place of residence. The χ2 test and χ2 trend test were performed. Results The accidental drop mortality rate of residents in Ma City from 1987 to 2008 was 4.97 / 100 000, of which the male mortality rate was 6.87 / 100 000, higher than that of the women 2.90 / 100 000 (χ2 = 193.11, P <0.0001); 1987-1988 , The accidental drop mortality rates of residents in 1989-1993, 1994-1998, 1999-2003 and 2004-2008 were respectively 6.28 / 100,000, 5.11 / 100,000, 6.33 / 100,000, 4.25 / 100,000, 3.78 / 100,000 and the deaths The rates of accidental drop mortality of residents aged 0 ~, 15 ~, 25 ~, 35 ~, 45 ~, 55 ~, ≥65 years were decreased with the increase of years (χ2 trend = 49.90, P <0.001) The mortality rate increased with age (χ2 trend = 850.4, P <0.05), P <0.05, P < <0.000 1). The accidental drop mortality of residents living in plain, hilly and mountainous areas was 3.54 / 100000, 3.93 / 100000 and 8.63 / 100000, respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 223.52, P <0.0001) The mortality rates of three types of terrain decreased with the increase of years (P <0.01). Conclusions Mortality of Accidental Drop in Mazu City Decline in 1987-2008 is on a downward trend. Accidental drop mortality of males, seniors and mountain residents is high, which is the key population to prevent the accidental drop of death.