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目的探讨大鼠膀胱和盆神经节之间的神经通路及盆神经节内投射至膀胱的神经元的化学性质。方法正常雄性SD大鼠(250～300g),辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)注射至膀胱,逆行神经追踪,经钨酸钠四甲基联苯胺(TMB)HRP法显色反应后再行免疫组织化学(胆碱乙酰转移酶ChAT、血管活性肠肽VIP、P物质SP、酪氨酸羟化酶TH)和辅酶Ⅱ(NADPHd)酶组织化学法。结果支配膀胱的神经元多位于盆神经节主体部,大多数为ChAT(52.6%)和TH(23.3%),少数为VIP(5.7%),偶见一氧化氮合成酶NOS(5.6%)及SP(4.1%)。结论在盆神经节中支配膀胱的神经细胞中存在ChAT、TH、VIP、SP和一氧化氮(NO)多种神经递质。膀胱功能多因素调节,乙酰胆碱(Ach)和TH为其经典递质,神经肽(VIP,SP)和NO在其中起重要作用,盆神经节是排尿反射的各级中枢的最后通路。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neural pathways between the bladder and the pelvic ganglia and the neurons projecting to the bladder in the pelvic ganglia. Methods Normal male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300g) were injected with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the bladder and retrograde nerve tracking. The mice were immunized with HRP colorimetric reaction of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) Histochemistry (ChAT, Cholesterol VIP, P substance SP, tyrosine hydroxylase TH) and coenzyme Ⅱ (NADPHd) enzyme histochemistry. Results Most of the neurons that dominated the bladder were located in the main part of the pelvic ganglion, most of them were ChAT (52.6%) and TH (23.3%), a few were VIP (5.7%), and occasionally nitric oxide synthase NOS SP (4.1%). Conclusions There are many neurotransmitters, such as ChAT, TH, VIP, SP and nitric oxide (NO), in the nerve cells of the pelvic ganglia that dominate the bladder. Multi-factor regulation of bladder function, acetylcholine (Ach) and TH for its classic neurotransmitter, neuropeptide (VIP, SP) and NO play an important role in which, pelvic ganglion is urinary reflex at all levels of the central pathway.