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中国气象局于2008年9月21～28日在内蒙古四子王旗“神舟七号”载人飞船(简称神七)主着陆场附近进行了加强飞船回收气象保障的科学试验.本文针对神七载人飞船的伞降回收着陆阶段受空中水平风影响很大的特点进行了分析研究,提出了伞降轨迹的计算方法;对精细的数值预报模式、高空探测和车载多普勒测风激光雷达获得的风廓线资料进行了对比分析;利用3种风廓线资料分别对神七返回舱开伞前后的轨迹进行了预测;并与神七实测开伞点和着陆点进行了比较分析.试验证明,精细资料为飞船的回收段的风修正提供了更详细的信息,利用精细风资料预测飞船伞降轨迹,有助于飞行控制指令编发,从而提高飞船定点回收的精度和可靠性,减小飞船的搜救范围,缩短搜救时间.
China Meteorological Administration conducted a scientific experiment to strengthen meteorological support for spacecraft recovery in the vicinity of the main landing site of the Siziwang Banner and Shenzhou VII no.7 manned spacecraft in Inner Mongolia from September 21 to September 2008. In this paper, The research on the characteristics of the parachute trajectory of the manned spacecraft during the landing phase of the parachute parachute landing by the horizontal winds in the air has been put forward. The computational method of the parachute trajectory has been put forward. For the precision numerical prediction model, the altitude radar and the Doppler wind lidar Wind profile data were compared and analyzed.According to the data of three wind profiles, the trajectory before and after the parachute of Shenqiu return capsule was predicted, and the comparison with the measured points and landing points of Shenqi VII were carried out.Experiments proved , Fine data provide more detailed information for the wind rectification of the recovered section of the spacecraft, and use the fine wind data to predict the parachute drop trajectory of the spacecraft, which is helpful for the development of flight control instructions, thereby improving the precision and reliability of spacecraft fixed point recovery and reducing the spacecraft Search and rescue range, shorten the search and rescue time.